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 Peripheral Vision is part of the autonomic nervous system (it is not open to human awareness and cannot be deliberately activated) and that part of the visual field using our side vision.  Peripheral vision is one of two mechanisms involved in the process of visual attention.  It comprises about 98-99% of the visual field.  Peripheral vision is designed to respond to any stimulus and causes transient attention.


Transient attention is an involuntary attentional response to any sudden change or novel stimulus in the visual field and does not involve conscious thought or cognition.  As its name suggests, transient attention is an extremely rapid engagement of attention to a new stimulus, such as the sudden appearance of brake lights in the car ahead.  Transient attention causes an involuntary reaction to the sudden change in the visual field.  For example, a swiftly moving object coming at you from your blind side causes you to flinch to avoid being hit by the object.  No thought is given to flinching.  You flinch without thinking.  Stimulus-induced or transient attention is drawn to that spot regardless of the position of the eyes.  Fear produces the same transient attention.  If you fear hitting the ball in the water, your eyes move in response to your fear so you can see whether your fears are realized.  If you fear not hitting the ball well, your fear causes your eyes to try to find and control the club head to help it hit the ball.